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Working poor women most affected by restriction in State program

Civil rights groups sue State over 6-month In-State residency requirement for women in need of pre-natal care.

by the ACLU

SAN FRANCISCO – Maternal and child health advocates and leading public interest law groups have filed a lawsuit against the state of California seeking to end a requirement that low-income working women must be residents of California for six months before they are eligible to receive prenatal and other medical care services through California’s Access for Infants and­ Mothers (AIM) insurance program.

Maternal and Child Health Access (MCH Access), a non-profi t organization that advocates for health care for pregnant women and children, seeks a court order that will prevent the state from implementing the six-month in-state residency requirement.

The American Civil Liberties Union of Northern California, Bay Area Legal Aid, the Lawyers’ Committee for Civil Rights, and MCH Access’ lawyers hold that because the requirement discriminates against pregnant women who are new California residents on the basis of how long they have lived in the state, it violates both the California and the United States Constitutions.

MCH Access points out that time is of the essence in obtaining access to prenatal care, and that prenatal care is especially important to maternal and fetal health in the fi rst trimester. The sixth-month in-state eligibility requirement means that working poor women who are new residents in California may not be able to obtain timely prenatal care through AIM at all.

“Study after study shows that early access to prenatal care is important for the well-being of the mother and the child,” said Lynn Kersey, Executive Director of MCH Access.

“Prenatal health care can help prevent premature delivery and low birth weight.

To deny working women health care simply because they are new to the state endangers the health of both the mother and the child.”

In denying a woman AIM coverage, the state also deprives the newborn of healthcare coverage guaranteed if the mother was in the program. This can lead to tremendous costs for families. Studies show that medical bills are one of the nation’s leading causes of bankruptcy for families.

The legal groups explain that the government requirement is also unconstitutional. “The residency requirement discriminates against new residents in violation of equal protection under the law and impedes the fundamental freedom to travel between states,” said Juniper Lesnik, an attorney at the ACLU-NC. “The U.S. Supreme Court has already struck down durational residency requirements for similar benefi ts because they are unconstitutional.”

In 2007, the Legislature passed AB 1328, which would have deleted the residency requirement. The Governor vetoed the bill in October 2007.

The State estimates that 100 women each year are excluded by the six-month requirement in AIM. The lawsuit seeks to clear the way for these women to obtain the prenatal care they need.

Lucy Quacinella, one of the lawyers for MCH Access, added: “With the mounting cost of food, gas, and other basic necessities, not to mention all time high charges for medical care and premiums for private health insurance, many working women find that they cannot afford health care. AIM is a program that is designed to step in and help these women who otherwise might fall through the cracks because they earn too much to qualify for the Medi-Cal program but too little to purchase health insurance.”

Participants in AIM contribute 1.5 percent of their annual income to the health services they receive.

The program is not only medically vital but cost effective. According to the federal government’s Institute of Medicine, each dollar spent on providing adequate prenatal care saves $3.38 on medical care that would otherwise be necessary for low birth weight infants during the first year of life. Other investigators have computed different, even higher, ratios, but virtually all find evidence of cost effectiveness.

Fpr AIM Program: (800) 433-2611. The website is www.mrmib.ca.gov, then click on the AIM link, or http://www.mrmib.ca.gov/MRMIB/AIM.shtml.

Available for interview: Bay Area mother who benefited from the AIM program. Available after 3 p.m.

When Sonna Valdez lost her work-sponsored health insurance in her 26th week of pregnancy, she panicked. Sonna made too much money to qualify for Medi-Cal but, as a single mother, couldn’t afford to pay out-of-pocket for prenatal care. Diagnosed with gestational diabetes, she went without care for a full month.

Maternal and Child Health Access helped her fill out the paperwork for California’s Access for Infants and Mothers (AIM) health insurance program. On Nov. 13, 2007, Sonna gave birth to a healthy – and robust – nine-pound, nine-ounce baby boy named Jaiden.

Festival César Chávez

Dolores Huerta (with red cap), and SF Supervisor Tom Ammiano (holding a poster up) march during the César Chávez Festival: on April 19, on 24th Street. (Photo by Ray Balberan)Dolores Huerta (izquierda con gorra roja), el Supervisor de SF Tom Ammiano (levantando un póster) marchan durante el festival de César Chávez el 19 de abirl sobre la calle 24. (Photo by Ray Balberan)

Millones de personas conmemoraron la vida y el trabajo de César Chávez por todo el país, exigiendo al Congreso la creación de un Día Nacional del líder de los derechos civiles.

Nacido el 31 de marzo de 1927, el organizador y jefe de los trabajadores del campo murió en su sueño el 23 de abril de 1993, después de varios ayunos para protestar por el tratamiento injusto a sus compañeros de trabajo, que muchos han sugeridos aceleraron su muerte.

Un desfile en su honor el 19 de abril atrajo a cientos en la calle 24 en el Distrito de Misión de San Francisco, donde ejecutantes danza Azteca ejercieron su ceremonia más sagrada en honor al Sr. Chávez. Un festival en la Escuela Elemental de César Chávez fue llevado a cabo de 1 a 5 de la tarde.

DHS waives laws to build border wall

by Alex Meneses Miyashita

Michael ChertoffMichael Chertoff

To complete some 500 miles of fencing along the U.S.-Mexico border by the end of the year, the U.S. government will waive 36 environmental and management laws that prevent building fences in certain areas.

The U.S. Department of Homeland Security will use exemptions authorized by Congress to proceed with construction.

DHS Secretary Michael Chertoff justified use of the waiver, stating, “criminal activity at the border does not stop for endless debate or protracted litigation.”

“Congress and the American public have been adamant that they want and expect border security,” he added. “We’re serious about delivering it, and these waivers will enable important security projects to keep moving forward.~,

The waivers will free the DHS from exploring and explaining how the fencing would impact the wilderness and wildlife in the areas where the restrictions apply.

Environmental groups have decried the government’s decision.

“The administration is effectively putting America on notice that it will ignore even the gravest concerns about the border wall,” stated National Audubon Society president John Flicker. “The DHS decision to abandon U.S. laws to construct a border fence will jeopardize the economy, quality of life and beauty of south Texas.”

Carl Pope, executive director of the Sierra Club, considered the move “a threat to wildlife and communities along the border.”

One of the exemptions will apply in areas of Arizona, California, New Mexico and Texas, encompassing about 470 miles. The other will allow construction of 22 miles of fencing in Hidalgo County, Texas.

The DHS claims it remains “deeply committed to environmental responsibility,” and says some of the areas in question have already been reviewed, and that it will conduct further environmental reviews in other areas “before any major construction begins.”

Backing its decision, an opinion piece in World Net Daily criticized environmentalists for not taking into account the human impact on the environment.

“Like environmentalists, politicians generally privilege flora and fauna over folks…Thankfully, a handful of Congress members concluded that the tsunami of illegal trespassers is worse for the environment than the fence itself.”

Other news media, such as The El Paso Times and The New York Times, shared a different view.

“Chertoff has demonstrated that he doesn’t care what people’ particularly border-area residents who will be personally affected, think of the border wall,” states an El Paso Times opinion piece.

“He is showing that laws are minor obstacles to be brushed aside without second thought when deemed necessary.”

The No Border Wall Coalition’ comprised of local groups and activists opposed to building the wall’ called the government’s decision an unprecedented abuse of authority on Secretary Chertoff’s part.”

Sen. Robert Menéndez (D-N,J,) blasted the Bush Administration during a ­Washington’ D.C, forum April 3 organized by the New Democrat Network.

He accused it of being “fixated on building walls rather than building trust.”

“We need smart borders’ not closed borders’” he said. “This administration does not understand that if you build a ten-foot wall someone will just bring an eleven foot ladder.” Hispanic Link.

Boxing

April 23 (Wednesday), 2008 At The Seminole Hard Rock Live Arena, Hollywood, FL

  • (ESPN2) Juan Urango (19-1-1) vs. Carlos Vilches (52-7-2).
  • (ESPN2) Joe Greene (18-0) vs. Marlon Thomas (36-7-1)
  • David Estrada (21-4) vs. Alexander Quiroz (14-5-1).

In Terni, Italy

  • Massimo Morra (19-3-3) vs. Fabrizio Trotta (10-3-2).
  • April 24 (Thursday), 2008 In Livorno, Italy
  • Alberto Servidei (25-0-2) vs. Sergio Blanco (17-0-1).
  • Luca Tassi (11-0) vs. Simone Cannelli (14-5-1).

April 25 (Friday), 2008 At The Utopia Paradise Theatre, New York City, NY

  • (ESPN2) Andrey Tsurkan (25-3) vs. Jesse Feliciano (15-6-3).
  • (ESPN2) Albert Sosnowski (42-1) vs. Terrell Nelson (8-4).

At TBA, Puerto Rico NEW (Telefutura) Francisco

Lorenzo (31-4) vs. TBA NEW (Telefutura) Roman Martinez (18-0-1) vs. TBA At TBA, Erie, PA Paul Spadafora (40-0-1) vs. TBA Yusaf Mack (23-2-2) vs. TBA.

At The Aston Villa Leisure Centre, Birmingham, England

  • Wayne Elcock (18-3) vs. Darren McDermott.

Grand Nicaraguan gathering

by Margine Quintanilla Romero

Dancing Palo de Mayo (May Pole).: (Photo Nicaragualiving)Dancing Palo de Mayo (May Pole). (Photo Nicaragualiving)

If you like the rhythm of Nicaraguan Palo de Mayo (May Pole), cumbias, salsa and also enjoy much the delightful Nicaraguan food, Productions Moreira has will organized a big holiday with all the Creole flavor.

The event will be held Sunday, April 20, at Club Tapatío, located at 4742 Mission St. San Francisco, CA 94112 from 12:30 p.m. to 6:30 p.m. For more information visit: www.aquinicaragua.com.

Bilingual Children Care Center celebrates its annual auction

One of the most important bilingual child care centers in Berkeley, El Bay Area Hispano Institute for Advancement (BAHIA), will celebrate its Seventh Annual Auction to benefit its programs on April 25 at the California Ballroom of Oakland.

The BAHIA, was founded in 1975 to respond to the needs of low-income Hispanic families with bilingual care for their children in the community of West Berkeley.

This program has been recognized at the local, state and national level as an organization that promotes learning in the children.

The executive director of BAY, Inc. made sure that her personnel is professionally qualified to provide support, care and fondness to children in critical ages with physical needs and social-emotional development. ”

This program has been recognized at the local, state and national level as an organization that promotes learning to the children.

The executive director of BAY, Inc. made sure that her personnel is professionally qualified to provide support, care and fondness to children in critical ages with physical needs and social-emotional development. ”

The Auction will start on Friday, April 25 from 6: 00 p.m. to 11:00 p.m. in the California Ballroom located at 1736 Street Franklin, in Oakland. Cost is $50 per person, only adults please. For more info please call (510) 525-1463.

Arabs and Latinos support our Mexican students

The Arab and Latin communities will join efforts to organize a big ArabLatin party, which funds will be used to fi nance the airfare of a group of Mexican students who will enroll this year at the University of San Francisco.

This event will be loaded with big surprises as the fabulous Egypt-style Belly  Dance, interpreted by the international artists Amina, Shara and Maya.

The event will take place at the Mission Cultural Center for Latino Arts (MCCLA) located at 2868 Mission St., San Francisco, on Friday, April 25, from 7:00 to 10:0 p.m. Cover charge $25, which includes food and refreshments. (415) 821-1155, or visit www.missionculturalcenter.org.

San Francisco celebrates Cinco de Mayo

The San Francisco community will celebrate Cinco de Mayo with music, dance and cultural activities, where everyone will be able to join.

This date commemorates The battle of Puebla, in which a group of organized Mexicans repelled the French army, which was trying to take possession of this territory.

The celebration will take place on Saturday, May 3, at Dolores Park, from 10:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Admission is free and the public will be able to enjoy a tour of the historical part of the Mission. Bring a picnic and enjoy a calm evening and a spectacular sight. For major information visit www.sfcincodemayo.com or call 415-647-1533.­

­

Top Spanish-language artists to help the poor Latin America

by Antonio Mejías-Rentas

Ricky MartinRicky Martin

POP PHILANTHROPISTS: Five of the top Spanish-language recording artists pledged to help Latin America’s poor at last week’s annual meeting of the Inter American Development Bank in Miami Beach.

During the meeting’s opening day, on April 4, singers Juanes, Ricky Martin and Juan Luis Guerra launched the Yo amo América campaign, for which each artist will assume a specific area of responsibility through their individual charitable foundations.

Ricky Martin, whose charity work focuses on children’s well being, will head an effort to register the continent’s all newborn children. Juanes will promote pre-school education in the region and Guerra will oversee micro credit initiatives.

Later that day, singers Shakira and Alejandro Sanz announced a series of fundraising concerts to be held in various Latin American cities on May 17. The effort is being spearheaded by the America Latina en Acción Solidaria (ALAS) foundation, which last month signed an agreement with the bank to “work jointly to raise aware ness of the vital role children and youth play in human capital development in Latin America and the Caribbean”.

The foundation (www.fundacionalas.org) was launched last year by several recording artists and activists and lists Nobel laureate Gabriel García Márquez as honorary president.

MASTERPIECE’TO AIR: A documentary on the life of the first Mexican American to be named Catholic bishop will premiere this week on PBS.

A Migrant’s Masterpiece: The Life and Legacy of Patrick Flores, by writerdirector Hector GalAn, will begin airing nationally on April. 3 on most PBS stations (check local listings). Filmed during Flores’ last month as Archbishop of San Antonio, the film uses rare footage, personal archives and interviews to tell the story of a man who rose from picking cotton in rural Texas to become the most influential Latino in the U.S. Catholic church.

Covering nearly 80 years of history, the film is “really the larger story of the Mexican-American experience in the United States, according to Galán, a San Antonio filmmaker who has covered Latino history and culture in several documentaries for PBS. “I see a lot of my own history in Patrick’s life that mirrors what many Mexican-American families had to endure.”

ONE LINERS: The two leading music publishing rights’ organizations announced Latin award winners recently: ASCAP will honor Puerto Rican artists Víctor Manuelle and Black: Guayaba at a May 16 ceremony in New York while BMI will name Argentinean musician Gustavo Santaolalla an Icon at a June 12gala in Los Angeles. Hispanic Link.

Public protected from garbage service disruptions

Compiled by the El Reportero’s staff

Oakland trash collectors sign contract with waste management after seven months.

Oakland trash collectors announce on April 3 that Waste Management has finally signed a contract, ending the labor dispute which began last summer when the company locked out 500 workers for four weeks.

The announcement was made at the AFl-CIO Alameda Labor Council’s annual dinner.

The group will also look ahead to the coming summer when contracts for 50,000 workers throughout the County will expire by midnight on June 30. These include workers providing vital public services such as teachers, nurses, janitors, and private sector workers.

“It’s going to be another long, hot summer,” said Sharon Cornu, Executive Secretary-Treasurer, Alameda Labor Council, AFL-CIO. “And just like when Waste Management locked out its workers, we know that the public will be there to working people and protect retirement, healthcare, and living wages.”

Local business extend support to county education amid budget cuts

California Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger’s budget cuts in the state are creating unprecedented pain in every level of the economy.

However, The RCEF an all volunteer, community based education foundation in Redwood City is not sitting down doing nothing.

An April 25 RCEF’S fundraising event, called Benefi t for a Brighter Future, which they organize every year, has already collected $10,000 from local merchants, which include, Mi Rancho Supermarket, Lyngso Garden Materials, and the Kastrop Group Architects.

This amount will be added to approximately $56,000 received from local corportations such as Oracle, Cargill, and the Port of Redwood City.

We raise funds to help pay for enrichment activities for the students in the kindergarten through eighth grade Redwood City School District (RSCD). We work closely with the School District to ensure that the academic, music and art, and wellness programs we support meet the needs of our children.

The RCEF provides essential programs such as music instruction, the Outdoor Education science program, and Wellness education to the 8,000 students of the Redwood City School District.

Nutrition program for moms, kids will add fresh produce and grains next year

As food prices rise along with poverty and obesity rates, the federal Women, Infants and Children (WIC) Supplemental Nutrition Program is revising the foods it provides to 1.4 million low  income women and children in California.

For the first time in its 35-year history, families will be able to buy fresh fruits and vegetables, whole grains and soy products with their WIC checks. These nutrient-dense, lower-fat items will replace some of the juice, milk, cheese and eggs currently offered by  WIC.

Close to 300 people attended a public summit today sponsored by California WIC Association and PolicyLink, to discuss the changes, which will be implemented in 2009. The statewide meeting, entitled Making Change Matter: Maximizing the Health Impact of the New WIC Foods, gathered input from a diverse crowd of nutrition experts, small grocers, and public health advocates on ways to maximize the community health benefits of these historic changes. “If planned carefully and leveraged by strategic partnerships, the implementation of the new WIC food changes could result in dramatic health improvements in communities most impacted by the obesity epidemic,” says Laurie True, executive director for the California WIC Association.­

More schools and less prisons for our youth

by Marvin J. Ramirez

Marvin J. RamirezMarvin J. Ramirez

Just recently, a friend of mine’s 19-year-old son was released from jail from charges of beating a man with his bodies. He spent approximately seven months in the joint. He came out clean, however, prior to getting arrested he was attending City College of San Francisco. Obviously, he lost the whole school semester. It seemed that it was more important to punish him that making sure that he continued in school.

I wrote a strong letter to San Francisco District Attorney Kamala Harris expressing my concern that jail would not serve any purpose in directing this young man through a path of positive future and should let him finish his school semester.

The District Attorney’s Office insisted that he was a `gang member,’ but apparently they were wrong. So they let him free, according to his mother.

Many youths like this young man are thrown into jails by the thousands every years, as part of money-making scheme by the prison industry, the sole purpose of its goal.

Punishment is the best recipe this industry that is growing faster that our learning institutions, while teachers are being layoff, school budget cut to the bone, and basically every year have the whole education industry beg on its knees for money.

Young people continue being warehoused like animals with the sole purpose of punishing them for their criminal behavior, which at the end is the same citizenry that they purpose to protect who is the last victimized by this blinded system of punishment.

In a released written statement, Books Not Bars says mismanaged, expensive, and dangerous youth prisons must go Books Not Bars (an Ella Baker Center for Human Rights campaign) and families of incarcerated youth throughout California call on the state to abandon the warehouse prisons’ chronic failures and build the state’s continuum of effective local and regional treatment programs for youth.

The Division of Juvenile Justice (DJJ), which is budgeted $518 million for 2008-09, has missed successive court-imposed reform deadlines since the 2004 lawsuit settlement. It has wasted $100 million on unmet reform goals. With a population of 2,072 youth — each costing the state $252,000 per year — the California Youth Prison System has become California’s budgetary black hole.

According to the statement, which was released on April 17, despite the money, conditions in DJJ prisons have remained deplorable and shameful for incarcerated youth: Education fails to meet state minimum levels, both mental health and medical care are inadequate and often delayed, and violence in facilities remains dangerously high.

The miserable conditions have rendered rehabilitation impossible for youth in the prisons.

The DJJ has proven to be incapable of reform and has failed thousands of our youth in the meantime.

How do we expect youth to come out rehabilitated from this broken system?” asks Zachary Norris, Director of Books Not Bars. “Real change can only happen when we shut down the failing warehouse prisons. Only then can California shift to a local and regional rehabilitative system of care that allows youth to return to society with a chance to make it.”

In its recent budget cuts, Gov. Arnold Schwarzenegger’s only options to balance the state’s budget deficit has been targeting education, health and the most vulnerable sectors of our communities.

Unless everyone stand up and start demanding changes in the Constitution, where education receives a bigger share of the budget and never lose funding, we will continue losing funding to educate our future generations and our prisons industry growing.

Spin and waltz in Austin over

by José de la Isla

José de la IslaJosé de la Isla

AUSTIN, TEXAS — In the two-minute lead up to the Texas Democratic primary debate, Lou Dobbs was spewing his usual agit-prop comments on CNN against the so-called NAFTA highway.

He claimed the candidates wouldn’t touch the issue because it “leaves Hispanic Americans divided as well.” The candidates, he suggested, didn’t want to upset Texas’ all-important March 4 Latino vote.

In fact, Barack Obama had already admitted in Dallas, “We have to improve our relationship with Mexico so their economy is producing jobs on that side of the border.”

During the debate, Obama said George Bush “has been so obsessed with Iraq that we have not seen the kinds of outreach and cooperative work that would ensure the Mexican economy is working not just for the very wealthy in Mexico, but for all people.”

In the spin room, after the debate, I asked state representative Ana Hernández, an Obama surrogate, to explain what Obama meant. A daughter of Mexican immigrants whose father was out of a job before leaving long ago, she said flatly, Mexico doesn’t have a middle class. “They need to fix the economic policy. The Mexican economy is out of whack.”

That part about the middle class seems to be a curious and popular belief. Yet Business Week reported in 2006, “The Mexican middle class swelled “to nearly 40 percent of all Mexican households, vs. 30 percent just a few years ago.”

In October of last year, Mexico’s former president Vicente Fox was in Houston touting his book and bragging about the ascent of the middle class — after a tragic decline in numbers during the ’80s and ’90s.

We don’t’ seem to get it straight. Yes, Mexico’s growth is too slow. It needs reforms. But the picture we paint is of an economy on the ropes.

This past Christmas, Mexican consumers brought ­up retail spending on the U.S. side of the border about fi ve percent over last year, while the rest of the U.S. was fl at line or worse. That ought to serve as a real-life reminder how Mexico, our third largest trading partner, doesn’t just take but gives.

There’s no need to fake the truth about it. And the mutual issues between us and Mexico don’t just concern migration.

It’s abundantly clear, for instance, our illicit drug habits promote crime and corruption in Mexico. So it’s important to control lawlessness by bringing our drug habits under control. That’s also why it was stunning that Obama sounded like Nancy Reagan mouthing “just say no” in a four-point agenda for talks with Mexico that included investing in antidrug education on both sides of the border. Huh?

Something more like treatment, decriminalization and taking the economic profit out of drug dealing would make more sense.

Federico Peña, Bill Clinton’s former transportation secretary and an Obama advisor, told me after the debate that what is needed is to replace Bush’s Latin America policy in “a way for all people to benefit.”

So far there’s not much to show how that’s done.

No doubt the intentions are good. But where is the insight? When do the candidates getting instructive about the practical reality of life in North America? Are we getting fed more faith than fact? Or OMG are we getting waltzed once more.

I posed Obama’s statement to Congressman Henry Cuellar. He was in the spin room supporting Hillary Clinton. His Texas district borders Mexico and he was the only one to bring up sovereignty. “They (Mexico) have to come up with their own solutions. Can’t tell them what they ought to be doing,” said Cuellar.

That night, more college degrees were congregated at the University of Texas except for commencement.

This is the place where the world-class LBJ policy school is located. The university has one of the fi nest Latin American library collections in the world. Surprisingly, the policy talk was kind of hollow. Timid even.

If, as Obama’s people so often suggest, transparency is the path to getting better policy, may I remind them 7.6 million viewers were watching on CNN and Univisión.

[José de la Isla writes a weekly commentary for Hispanic Link News Service. He is author of The Rise of Hispanic Political Power (Archer Books). E-mail joseisla3@yahoo.com]. ©2008

Ther Latino divide on the Irak War

by Emily C. Ruíz

Emely RuízEmely Ruíz

As eventually happened with Vietnam, U.S. military involvement in Iraq is pulling Hispanics in two directions. Maybe three.

Numbers tell some of the story. The latest Pew Hispanic Center poll found less than a quarter of Latinos (24 percent) support U.S. troop participation. That’s down from 31 percent in 2006 and 39 percent in 2004.

U.S. Department of Defense figures show that Hispanics comprise 10.9 percent of those serving in the Armed Forces, well below their percentage in the eligible age group in the three decades of the volunteer army.

There are those like Jess Quintero, who served two tours – one in the U.S. Army and one in the Air Force – toward the end of the Korean War and leading up to Vietnam.

Quintero, president of the Hispanic War Veterans of America, talks proudly of the Hispanic contributions in defending the world’s democratic ideals from the Revolutionary War forward. He recites the names of family members, from generations past to grandchildren, who with no hesitation answered the call.

Then there is Pablo Paredes, more recently a Petty Officer third class and weapons-control technician in the U.S. Navy. Declaring his opposition to the invasion of Iraq, he refused to board the USS Bonhomme Richard as it deployed to the Persian Gulf, in December 2004 as part of the Operation Iraqi Freedom. He received an administrative discharge after serving three months at hard labor without confinement and a demotion in rank. He now works as a peace educator with the American Friends Service Committee.

Then there’s the third and largest element, reflective perhaps of the broader community’s attitude. This group is neither rallying friends or families to “save democracy,” nor actively protesting the U.S. commitment.

Few Hispanics were visible in the basically white anti-war protests across the country this month. Nor have they formed visible anti-war groups of their own, such as those which sprouted up in the Vietnam era.

Most memorable was the 1970 national Chicano Moratorium march in East Los Angeles, in which a county sheriff’s deputy killed KMEX-TV news director Rubén Salazar with an armor-piercing tear-gas missile. On the East Coast, the mostly Puerto Rican Young Lords staged similar demonstrations.

Today’s older antiwar Latinos often have a background in Vietnam-era activism, while a smaller number are parents of soldiers who’ve died in more recent Middle East conflicts, says Jorge Mariscal, professor of Chicano/Latino Studies at the University of California, San Diego.

“Younger Latinos are involved because they see the impact of the war on their friends and the militarism in their schools with recruitment,” he says, adding that the reason more aren’t involved is because of the lack of outreach from mainly white anti-war groups to attract members of color.

JESS QUINTERO, executive director of the Hispanic War Veterans of America, gives these reasons Latinos should consider military careers in service to their country and continue supporting U.S. efforts to complete successfully the country’s mission in Iraq.

  1. As U.S. citizens, Latinos have a responsibility to serve their country in time of war.
  2. There is a strong Hispanic military tradition rooted in patriotism among Latino families to respond quickly, valiantly and honorably when the country and its ideals are at risk.
  3. Military service offers numerous educational opportunities during and after military service.
  4. Generous signing bonuses can assist recruits and their families in financial need.
  5. The military offers stability, sense of direction and role models during the most vulnerable stages of a young recruit’s life.
  6. It provides the basic necessities such as health benefi ts, housing and food.

NO, JOIN PROTEST PABLO PAREDES, peace educator with the American Friends Service Committee, gives fi ve reasons Hispanics should actively oppose further U.S. involvement in Iraq:

  1. Hispanics are overrepresented in the most dangerous roles of the military and sorely underrepresented in the offi cer ranks and elite jobs.
  2. Recruitment programs that target Hispanics make false promises of education, a better economic status and citizenship.
  3. Hispanics who have served honorably come home to face inequality and discrimination; they aren’t provided access to adequate veterans’ benefits.
  4. Hispanics’ historical ties to the U.S. military have been destructive to their ancestors. “Marines are taught to sing about the pillaging of the ‘halls of Montezuma.’”
  5. The war has propelled the rise of vigilante groups such as the Minutemen who in their propaganda messages stereotype and scapegoat all Hispanics as national security risks. Hispanic Link.

(Emily C. Ruíz is a reporter with Hispanic Link News Service in Washington, D.C. Reach her care of e.cruiz@hotmail.com).